Value Chain and REA Analysis

Question: Examine about the Value Chain and REA Analysis. Answer: Presentation Because of developing complexities and future difficulties in the wellbeing framework usage ventures, it is basic for the Queensland Health System to deal with the execution, adjustment, and upkeep of the data framework venture execution so as to guarantee the smooth running of the business tasks. This evaluation will portray the components that added to the disappointment of finance framework execution venture at the Queensland Healthcare System(Bischoff, 2011). This evaluation will likewise propose a few suggestions to recognize lacks in the framework examination for guaranteeing the better usage of the IS ventures at Queensland Health System. Objective-The target of this report is to recognize and dissect the components that added to the heartbreaking data framework usage ventures at the Queensland Health System. This report is planned for understanding the applications identified with the undertaking usage disappointment at the Queensland wellbeing framework on national and state enactments just as modern level. Variables adding to the disappointment of the Queensland wellbeing finance framework execution The Queensland Health Payroll System execution venture disappointment is one of the biggest IS disappointments in the Southern Hemisphere that featured the hugeness of efficient task disappointment. This venture disappointment represented costing to $ 1.25 Billion ASD ($ 245 million AUD for fixing the framework disappointment issue and $1000 Million dollars for keeping up and working the framework). This IS venture disappointment was 300% over spending plan and year and a half delayed. This task disappointment assessed costs $1.25 billion AUD in execution, adjustment and upkeep of the system(ThiteSandhu, 2014). There were a few reasons that added to the disappointment of the finance framework usage at the Queensland Health System which are following as:- Absence of arranging and inability to keep the powerful offering process-The poor undertaking arranging and disappointment of the venture colleagues to set up the strong offering process added to the disappointment of the Queensland wellbeing framework usage venture. Frail administration structure and Lack of clear jobs, obligations and duties The poor administration of the Queensland Health Implementation caused for the muddled and confounded framework execution ventures. It likewise made disarray in the jobs, obligations, obligations, specialists, and responsibility of the few gatherings associated with the task usage process. Absence of partners cooperation and commitment in the companys choices The absence of all partners commitment in the organization gatherings and dynamic procedure was another explanation adding to the disappointment of the Queensland Health Payroll System. Absence of hazard the board and poor alternate course of action The pre-usage procedure and framework testing neglected to recognize the dangers that added to the Queensland IS execution venture disappointment. There was no possibility arranging and observing procedure for overseeing dangers that came about into the over task spending costs for the undertaking execution activities(Horngren, Harrison, Oliver, Best, Fraser, Tan Willet, 2013). Absence of correspondence and preparing and poor administration control-This was the underlying driver for the disappointment of the IS usage venture at the Queensland Health framework. There was little correspondence or less discussions among the task colleagues that came about into disappointment of the execution of IS ventures at Queensland Health System. Inability to manage the mind boggling forms required for the execution of another framework The administration and undertaking colleagues neglected to convey ideal venture execution results as a result of the disappointment of the task colleagues to tidy up the intricate procedures for the fruitful usage of the new finance framework At the Queensland Health System. Poor group the board structures-The inadequately planned group the executives structure was one of the key variables adding to the disappointment of the Queensland finance usage extends enormously. The venture colleagues were not relegated the tasks exercises according to their aptitudes, information, and specialization(Mancini, Vaassen, Dameri, 2013). Absence of duty The absence of duty and self-obligation among the staff individuals including specialists, attendants, administrators, and different representatives was another explanation caused for the disappointment of finance execution venture at the Queensland Health System. Absence of ingenuity in the interest of the state government authorities The baseless earnestness and absence of industriousness of the state government wellbeing authorities caused for the poor dynamic that came about into disappointment of finance execution venture at the Queensland Health system(Hall, 2012). Absence of responsibility of the installment of staff individuals This factor added to the disappointment of the IS usage ventures coming about because of the absence of responsibility among the workers of the Queensland Health System including medical attendants, specialists, and other staff individuals. Because of inconclusive installment structure, the Queensland Health System needed to confront the complaints and clashes of the staff individuals. Mistaken estimation of the venture degree and complexities-The Queensland Health Payroll System was fizzled in light of the fact that it was perplexing involving numerous business grants, enormous workforce, and different undertaking understandings that came about into the substitution of QLD finance framework by the new finance system(GelinasDull, 2009). Ecological and innovative undertaking drivers-This was another factor that added to the disappointment of the Queensland IS usage ventures. Grouping of the variables into the periods of the initial step of SDLC approach The components liable for the disappointment of the Queensland Health finance framework execution venture are characterized into the important periods of the initial step of the System Development Lifecycle Approach including System arranging, Analysis, Design, Implementation and Maintenance/Review. These variables are following recognized according to various periods of the System improvement Life Cycle approach:- Arranging This stage incorporates the variables that added to the disappointment of the finance framework usage, for example, the absence of arranging and inability to keep the hearty offering process, early foundation of states of partners investment and desire the executives, absence of possibility arranging, work understandings, and audit shared administrations focal way to deal with centralization and adaptability. Examination This stage incorporates the variables, as frail administration structure, muddled jobs, obligations and duties, absence of arrangement of individuals, process and technology,environmental and innovative undertaking drivers, intermittent survey of the business needs in adapt to the evolving environment(Romney, Steinbart, Mula, McNamara Tonkin, 2012). Plan This stage incorporates the components, for example, inability to tidy up the mind boggling forms required for the usage of another framework, absence of hazard distinguishing proof and the board, poor framework structure and absence of oversight, absence of new framework necessities, absence of duty and self-obligation, and absence of enthusiasm of the administration to convey the best framework structure arrangement. Usage This stage incorporates the components, for example, far reaching change the board, outside condition and innovative powers, absence of professionalized preparing and instruction, develop and conflicting framework testing, effect of framework the board changes, wrong estimation of the undertaking extension and complexities, and absence of responsibility of the installment of staff members(Eden Sedera, 2014). Upkeep/Review-This period of SDLC approach incorporates progressing venture the board, checking on the framework execution, continuous partners commitment, and absence of occasional arranging, survey and control of high hazard ventures. Proposals to conquer the insufficiencies for the future usage of IS ventures The Queensland wellbeing usage venture disappointment is one of the biggest IS disappointments in Australia that requires a progression of proposals to conquer the inadequacies for the future execution of the activities at the firm. The accompanying suggestion could be applied to improve the data framework execution ventures at the Queensland human services framework:- More noteworthy Communication-Communication is a significant task the executives angle that ought to be considered by the administration of the Queensland Health System to guarantee the effective usage of things to come IS ventures. It is suggested for the senior administration of the Queensland Health System to advance more noteworthy correspondence among the task colleagues for guaranteeing the fruitful finish of things to come IS ventures. The between authoritative correspondence is basic to the IS venture supervisory crew to limit the client opposition obstructions. A viable correspondence among the venture supervisory group individuals will help to determine the contentions and questions of the hierarchical individuals by ensuring their inclinations. Alongside this, the more noteworthy correspondence will unite them to chip away at the undertakings for expelling the inadequacies or escape clauses in the IS ventures by sharing their encounters, qualities and information with each other(Considine, Parkes, OlesenBlount, 2016). For this, the specialized apparatuses, for example, group watcher, Skype, internet based life (Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram, LinkedIn, and Google+), messages and intranets can be utilized to improve the degree of correspondence among the task colleagues at the association. Improved information quality and framework testing-It is significant for the Queensland Health System to improve the nature of information and framework tests for achieving the wager

Dhl Logistics Essay Example

Dhl Logistics Essay Example Dhl Logistics Essay Dhl Logistics Essay DHL Logbook in participation with Technical University Darmstadt Historical advancement of coordinations The incredible coordinations example of overcoming adversity Logistics has been assuming an essential job in worldwide improvement for very nearly 5,000 years now. Since the development of the pyramids in antiquated Egypt, coordinations has made astounding steps. Over and over, splendid coordinations arrangements have framed the reason for the progress to another authentic and financial time. Instances of this basic advancement incorporate the development of the ocean load compartment and the making of novel assistance frameworks during the twentieth century. Both are essential pieces of globalization today. Around 2700 B. C. : Material taking care of innovation in pyramid development. Squares of stone gauging a few tons were shipped and amassed at the building site. To construct the Great Pyramid of Giza, which is 146 meters high and gauges 6 million tons, the Egyptians required refined material vehicle hardware equipped for moving the gigantic structure squares and establishing them. Indeed, even today, we despite everything can't completely clarify how this degree of accuracy was accomplished utilizing the raising gear and methods for transport accessible around 2700 B. C [1]. 1/7 DHL Logbook in collaboration with Technical University Darmstadt Around 300 B. C. : Revolutionary Greek paddling vessels †the new establishment of intercontinental exchange. The progressive development of paddling vessels made the reason for fast travel over the high oceans. This development shaped the establishment for the formation of huge coordinations gracefully frameworks required by portable armed force camps. Utilizing these coordinations limits, Alexander the Great embraced crusades with his soldiers, their families and their weapons of war that all-encompassing right to India [1]. Around A. D. 700: Procurement coordinations in the development of the Mezquita Mosque †columns came to Spain from all pieces of the Islamic domain. Development of the well known Mezquita Mosque in Cordoba, Spain, started in 756 under the Caliph of Cordoba in the Umayyad tradition. It is viewed as the biggest mosque in Europe. Unprecedented obtainment coordinations was required to move the mainstays of the mosque from all pieces of the Islamic realm [1]. 2/7 DHL Logbook in participation with Technical University Darmstadt Around 1200: The worldwide system known as the Hanseatic League †collaboration for transport packaging and universal ocean transport. In 1188, the city of Hamburg, Germany, was established as a base on the North Sea for the Hanseatic League to make travel on the ocean progressively secure and to speak to business intrigues abroad. Up to 200,000 hide pelts were shipped by a solitary Hanseatic machine gear-piece transport. Hanseatic exchange reached out from the Black Sea to Reval. From an advanced vantage point, the league’s cross-fringe exchange bears solid likenesses to the European Union [1]. Around 1500: Progressive postal assistance in Europe †the first run through distinct mail delivering administration. Under a concurrence with Philipp of Burgundy, Franz von Taxis sorted out the principal postal assistance with carefully characterized travel times. Letters were conveyed to spots, for example, Paris, Ghent, Spain and the supreme court of Vienna. Taking into account the foundation of the occasions and the political fracture made by the variety of little territories, the mail arrived at its goal with next to no postpone [1]. 3/7 DHL Logbook in participation with Technical University Darmstadt Around 1800: Discovery of new street movements and the railroad †extension of coordinations assignments through new innovations and methods for transport. The pragmatic utilization of the steam motor, the innovation of vehicles, railways and ships just as the disclosure of raw petroleum introduced another financial time that created new missions, apparatuses and open doors for coordinations [1]. Around 1940: Military coordinations during the world wars †move of military coordinations ideas to the business world. During World War I, military coordinations was the fundamental connection in the system that provided troops with apportions, weapons and hardware. With the beginning of World War II, coordinations was additionally refined. Accordingly, coordinations increased a significant spot in the business world too. 4/7 DHL Logbook in participation with Technical University Darmstadt 1956: Invention of the ocean compartment †basic advancement of world exchange and the blast of global progressions of products. The innovation of the ocean compartment by the American Malcom P. McLean changed creation conditions for about all businesses around the globe and, therefore, modified people’s utilization propensities. Indeed, even today, the ocean holder keeps on guaranteeing that harbors increase significant agreements, new nations and areas experience business blasts, markets emerge and items from all pieces of the world can be purchased and sold at sensible costs. Along these lines, the holder has fundamentally added to globalization. Around 1970 †1980: Kanban and without a moment to spare †coordinations ideas with an extraordinary accentuation on acquisition. The Kanban and in the nick of time (JIT) ideas were created and presented at Japan’s Toyota Motor Co. by Taiichi Ohno †with the goal of viably connecting coordinations to other operational capacities. Uncommon accentuation was set on acquirement. 5/7 DHL Logbook in participation with Technical University Darmstadt Around 1990: QR and ECR advancements †coordinations ideas with an uncommon accentuation on appropriation. The brisk reaction and effective customer reaction (ECR) innovations were created during the 1990s and applied by numerous retail and discount organizations. These advancements majorly affected coordinations. Because of this innovation, circulation focuses are entrusted with moving products as opposed to putting away them. This permits organizations to quicken response times to advertise improvements and to set up proficient products gracefully frameworks. Today: Supply chain the executives †a gander at the whole coordinations chain from the vendor’s provider to the end client. Flexibly chain the executives is a term that has become gigantically being used and hugeness since the late 1980s. Today, gracefully chain the executives is seen as an all encompassing thought of key business forms that reach out from the vendor’s provider to the end client. In like manner, flexibly chain the board is an amazingly intelligent, complex framework requiring concurrent observing of many clashing goals. 6/7 DHL Logbook in participation with Technical University Darmstadt Today: Advancing globalization †proficient coordinations as a serious edge in the period of globalization. Worldwide rivalry started to emerge and spread during the 1970s and quickened during the 1990s. Globalization is as yet pushing ahead today. Proficient coordinations makes a urgent serious edge for organizations that are extending in worldwide markets. Effective coordinations endeavors in worldwide gracefully chains can fuel the advancement of worldwide markets. From pyramid development to the gracefully chain Recommended perusing Logistik Stories | Gopfert/Froschmayer 2005 Strategic Logistics Management | Stock/Lambert 2001 References [1] Episoden des Logistik-Managements in Antike und Mittelalter | Dulfer 2005. In: Logistik Stories | Gopfert/Froschmayer (Hrsg. ) Related articles Trends in the economy as drivers of coordinations improvement URL dhldiscoverlogistics. com/cms/en/course/beginning/historical_development. jsp 7/7

Differences Between Compilers and Interpreters

Contrasts Between Compilers and Interpreters Prior to the Java and C# programming dialects showed up, PC programs were just arranged or deciphered. Dialects like Assembly Language, C, C, Fortran, Pascal were quite often aggregated into machine code. Dialects like Basic, VbScript and JavaScript were generally deciphered. So what is the contrast between an incorporated program and an Interpreted one? Accumulating To compose a program makes these strides: Alter the ProgramCompile the program into Machine code files.Link the Machine code records into a runnable program (otherwise called an exe).Debug or Run the Program With certain dialects like Turbo Pascal and Delphi stages 2 and 3 are joined. Machine code records are independent modules of machine code that require connecting together to fabricate the last program. The explanation behind having separate machine code documents is productivity; compilers just need to recompile source code that have changed. The machine code records from the unaltered modules are reused. This is known as making the application. In the event that you wish to recompile and reconstruct all source code, at that point that is known as a Build. Connecting is an in fact confounded procedure where all the capacity assembles between various modules are snared, memory areas are distributed for factors and all the code is spread out in memory, at that point written to circle as a total program. This is frequently a more slow advance than assembling as all the machine code documents must be added something extra to memory and connected together. Deciphering The means to run a program by means of a mediator are Alter the ProgramDebug or Run the Program This is a far quicker procedure and it enables beginner software engineers to alter and test their code speedier than utilizing a compiler. The burden is that deciphered projects run much more slow than incorporated projects. As much as 5-10 times more slow as each line of code must be re-perused, at that point re-handled. Enter Java and C# Both of these dialects are semi-incorporated. They produce a transitional code that is streamlined for understanding. This moderate language is free of the fundamental equipment and this makes it simpler to port projects written in either to different processors, insofar as a translator has been composed for that equipment. Java, when ordered, produces bytecode that is deciphered at runtime by a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Numerous JVMs utilize a Just-In-Time compiler that changes over bytecode to local machine code and afterward runs that code to speeds up. As a result, the Java source code is ordered in a two-phase process. C# is gathered into Common Intermediate Language (CIL, which was recently known as Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL. This is controlled by the Common Language Runtime (CLR), some portion of the .NET system a situation that offers help administrations, for example, trash assortment and Just-In-Time assemblage. Both Java and C# utilize speedup methods so the viable speed is nearly as quick as an unadulterated incorporated language. On the off chance that the application invests a great deal of energy doing information and yield like perusing circle documents or running database questions then the speed distinction is scarcely observable. I don't get this' meaning to me? Except if you have a quite certain requirement for speed and should expand the casing rate by two or three edges for every second, you can disregard speed. Any of C, C or C# will give adequate speed to games, compilers, and working frameworks.

Psychology Assignment - Genders Construction Based On Social Entituies - 275 Words

Psychology Assignment - Genders Construction Based On Social Entituies (Essay Sample) Content: The Social Construction of GenderStudent NameInstitution AffiliationInstructor NameCourse NameDateThe Social Construction of GenderGender is socially constructed because of the influences through individual development. Gender differ depending on the manner in which the society member assesses the roles of males and females. Gender identity in any society can be influenced by the group ethnicity, cultural background, historical background, religion and family values. In addition, gender is a structural feature of society and sociological importance of gender is advice in which society controls its members. Like race and social class, gender can be utilized to socially categorize individual and even lead to discrimination and prejudice (Grohmann, 2015). This prejudice and discrimination depend on attitudes developed by individual towards a person based on the group membership. Thus, gender is more than sex in which an individual is born onto, but the roles in which so ciety channeled to male or female. Therefore, gender is socially influenced by society rather than biologic preferences (Grohmann, 2015).We human beings are aware of gender even before any basic entities such nationality or ethnicity. Much of consumer behavior is usually is driven by gender and various gender targeted depends on packaging to bestow an aura of masculinity or femininity. Through my visit to the community, I identify five personal hygiene product whose packaging is based on society gender construction. The first product was razors both refillable and disposables (Auster Mansbach, 2012). Razors from a brand like Schick, Bic, and Gillette have models for both women and men. Razors are one of the grooming brands with most variance. Therefore, one can notice easily womens razors are expensive than mens. so what is the dealing with the same mechanism and technology are applied in a production of both brands (Auster Mansbach, 2012). This difference lies on the idea that wo mens razors can shape large area of our bodies and has rounded cutting to shave hair in the best position while mens razors are packaged to shave the thicker hair the grows in their faces. The second product is deodorants. Though there is no difference in women and man sweats, deodorants are usually packaged in gender line. This is because marketers believe that woman spend up to $1800 annually for this product while men spend partially half of it. Thus, the packaging is the major gender barrier deodorant companies use to sell their product (Funk Oly, 2016). when on observe closely the women deodorant, it can notice that packaging is light, colored and slim with it a scent being floral fresh or soft. On the other hand, mens deodorant is packaged in bulk with bold font and has a name such as smell lockdown, ultimate sports scent blocker or ultra-sweat guard (Funk Oly, 2016).The third product that I identify was shampoo. Marketing plays an important part is selling womens and mens shampoo. The main difference lies in fragrance. The mens shampoo has fragrance which appeals to men in aromatherapy and holistic manner. This is because men usually turned off by the smel...

Charismatic Leadership And Transformational Leadership

The modern context The above two theories have largely shaped the conversation around charismatic leadership, providing the theory with context and testable characteristics. The two theories, along with other research in the leadership model, have revived the trait-based approach to leadership. Since charismatic leadership is linked with personal traits and the transformation of subordinates, the current conversation around the model often links it with transformational leadership theory. Both of these theories seek radical changes around the organisational structure they operate in, yet there are certain important differences between the two. While charisma can improve the effectiveness of leadership, transformational leaders don’t necessarily have to be perceived as charismatic in order to rule efficiently. Furthermore, transformational leadership always has change at the heart of it, whereas charismatic leadership might not be interested in changing the operation structure of the organisation. Nonetheless, in current literature, charismatic leadership has assumed a more benevolent approach to leadership. Instead of focusing on a strong moral conviction and the personality traits of the leader, the inclusion of transformational elements has added a behaviour element to the theory. Aside from linking charismatic leadership with other leadership styles, such as transformational and inspirational leadership, the focus has also moved even more towards the emotional,Show MoreRelatedCharismatic Leadership And Transformational Leadership2011 Words   |  9 Pagesindividual is set apart from the common man and treated as a gem with supremacies (Charismatic vs. Transformational, 2011). Whereas the transformational theory is defined as leaders who enthuse followers to use their own egocentricities to benefit the organization (Charismatic vs. Transformational, 2011). These leaders also possess a gift of having a great impact on their followers (Charismatic vs. Transformational, 2011). Theories are apprehended around the world and almost every aspect of life possessesRead MoreLeadership Styles : Charismatic, Transformational And Authentic Leadership957 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral types of leadership styles: charismatic, transformational and authentic leadership. Theref ore, it is important to not only know and understand them, but to confirm which one will best fit the organization. Once confirmed, I will be able to know what type of leaders I would want to lead the department. Below are 5 questions that will be asked during the interviews: 1. Why are you open to new opportunities and why were you interested in this position? 2. Can you review your leadership experienceRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Transformational Leaders Essay916 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarities and differences There are many differences among the leadership theories. According to Schreuder et al. (2012) Well established theories of transactional and transformational leadership have been criticized for not including the situational context (p. 429). While transformational leadership is extremely motivational and follower-focused, transformational leaders lack the focus of assessing situations and altering their style to match it. Situational leaders, however, are adept inRead MoreImportant Decision Making Endeavors For The Organization957 Words   |  4 Pages Now that I have gathered the knowledge on my leadership abilities as a team, I will now evaluate my organizational leadership characteristics. Charismatic and transformational leaders are able to influence followers creating emotion, energy and excitement (Lussier Achua, 2013, p. 324). A charismatic leader is someone who followers see as extremely gifted, while having the gift of divine inspiration and supernatural qualities while transformational leaders positively lead, influence, change, andRead More Leader Characteristics Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pages Charismatic leadership is one of four subdivisions of the larger concept of transformational leadership (Bass, 1990). Charismatic leaders are self-confident, dominant, purposeful, articulate, influential, idealistic, and expressive. They have high energy levels, strong convictions, the ability to display empathy, and are risk takers (Bass, 1990). By stimulating ailing corporations, revitalizing aging bureaucracies or launching new enterprises (Howell and Avolio, 1995), charismatic leadersRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Transformational Leaders895 Words   |  4 PagesAs leadership is ability to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute towards the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members. Leaders use influence to motivate followers and arrange the work environment so they do the job more effectively. To start with transformational leader, transformational leadership is a leadership perspective that explains how leaders change teams o r organizations by creating, communicating, modelling a shared vision for the team orRead MoreEssay about Compare and Contrast Select Leadership Theories1455 Words   |  6 PagesContrast of Select Leadership Models Leadership comes in different forms and in different aspects of life from private business to government entities (Wren, 1995, p. 5). The models of leadership used are dependent upon the individual attributes of the leaders, for example traits, values, self-identity, skills, and competencies (Yukl, 2013, p. 136). A close look at select leadership models and how they compare and contrast with each other provides insight into the types of leadership that might beRead MoreLeadership Theories Of Leadership And Leadership1260 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this essay is to identify and analyze two leadership theories in regards to how they contribute to helping leaders, lead and compare and distinguish the difference. This essay will explore 2 main theories of leadership covered in the unit, which are charismatic leadership and transformational theory. This two theories are well known in the filed of leadership. This essay will illustrate leaders who acquire these two main theories and how they used it effectively to achieveRead MoreLeadership Styles For A Leadership Essay1471 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause of the positive environment she cultivated. In researching the different leadership styles for this assignment, I believe that this is the style that she used with her staff. I was interested in learning more about transformational leadership and how I can cultivate this style in the way that I lead my current team as well as the way in which I lead future teams. Transformational leadership is a leadership style that promotes change as well as improves performance in the organization asRead MoreLeadership1292 Words   |  6 PagesPond to become a better organisation. Why is this case included in a chapter about charismatic and transformational leadership? As a leader, charisma is needed as it is a unique quality to differentiate leaders by their purposes, powers and extraordinary determination they had in them. The quality of charisma is so important as it creates desire for others to follow the leaders. Through charismatic leaderships, it enables the leaders to coordinate and cultivate the relationship with their team Charismatic Leadership And Transformational Leadership Charisma theory is described as a â€Å"gift†, or a unique superiority of an individual character. This is set by an advantage of which the individual is set apart from the common man and treated as a gem with supremacies (Charismatic vs. Transformational, 2011). Whereas the transformational theory is defined as leaders who enthuse followers to use their own egocentricities to benefit the organization (Charismatic vs. Transformational, 2011). These leaders also possess a gift of having a great impact on their followers (Charismatic vs. Transformational, 2011). Theories are apprehended around the world and almost every aspect of life possesses a theory behind them, whether there is action or unfolding someone’s personality. There are two leadership theories that will be conveyed, Charismatic Leadership and Transformational Leadership. Behind each theory is a founder that explains these concepts, James MacGregor Burns the founder of Transformational leadership (Conger, n. d.) and Karl Emil Maximilian Max Weber the founder of Charismatic leadership (Transformational, n.d.). Over the course of time, movies have been made, demonstrating these theories, for example an old classic â€Å"The Lion King† (Leadership Movies, 2008). This movie coveys both MacGregor Burns and Karl Emil Maximilian Max Weber’s theories. On August 3, 1918 MacGregor Burns was born in Melrose, Massachusetts (â€Å"James MacGregor,† 2014). Mr. Burns was raised in Burlington and underwent his undergraduate degree atShow MoreRelatedCharismatic Leadership And Transformational Leadership869 Words   |  4 Pagestheories have largely shaped the conversation around charismatic leadership, providing the theory with context and testable characteristics. The two theories, along with other research in the leadership model, have revived the trait-based approach to leadership. Since charismatic leadership is linked with personal traits and the transformation of subordinates, the current conversation around the model often links it with transformational leadership theory. Both of these theories seek radical changesRead MoreLeadership Styles : Charismatic, Transformational And Authentic Leadership957 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral types of leadership styles: charismatic, transformational and authentic leadership. Therefore, it is important to not only know and understand them, but to confirm which one will best fit the organization. Once confirmed, I will be able to know what type of leaders I would want to lead the department. Below are 5 questions that will be asked during the interviews: 1. Why are you open to new opportunities and why were you interested in this position? 2. Can you review your leadership experienceRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Transformational Leaders Essay916 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarities and differences There are many differences among the leadership theories. According to Schreuder et al. (2012) Well established theories of transactional and transformational leadership have been criticized for not including the situational context (p. 429). While transformational leadership is extremely motivational and follower-focused, transformational leaders lack the focus of assessing situations and altering their style to match it. Situational leaders, however, are adept inRead MoreImportant Decision Making Endeavors For The Organization957 Words   |  4 Pages Now that I have gathered the knowledge on my leadership abilities as a team, I will now evaluate my organizational leadership characteristics. Charismatic and transformational leaders are able to influence followers creating emotion, energy and excitement (Lussier Achua, 2013, p. 324). A charismatic leader is someone who followers see as extremely gifted, while having the gift of divine inspiration and supernatural qualities while transformational leaders positively lead, influence, change, andRead More Leader Characteristics Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pages Charismatic leadership is one of four subdivisions of the larger concept of transformational leadership (Bass, 1990). Charismatic leaders are self-confident, dominant, purposeful, articulate, influential, idealistic, and expressive. They have high energy levels, strong convictions, the ability to display empathy, and are risk takers (Bass, 1990). By stimulating ailing corporations, revitalizing aging bureaucracies or launching new enterprises (Howell and Avolio, 1995), charismatic leadersRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Transformational Leaders895 Words   |  4 PagesAs leadership is ability to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute towards the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members. Leaders use influence to motivate followers and arrange the work environment so they do the job more effectively. To start with transformational leader, transformational leadership is a leadership perspective that explains how leaders change teams o r organizations by creating, communicating, modelling a shared vision for the team orRead MoreEssay about Compare and Contrast Select Leadership Theories1455 Words   |  6 PagesContrast of Select Leadership Models Leadership comes in different forms and in different aspects of life from private business to government entities (Wren, 1995, p. 5). The models of leadership used are dependent upon the individual attributes of the leaders, for example traits, values, self-identity, skills, and competencies (Yukl, 2013, p. 136). A close look at select leadership models and how they compare and contrast with each other provides insight into the types of leadership that might beRead MoreLeadership Theories Of Leadership And Leadership1260 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this essay is to identify and analyze two leadership theories in regards to how they contribute to helping leaders, lead and compare and distinguish the difference. This essay will explore 2 main theories of leadership covered in the unit, which are charismatic leadership and transformational theory. This two theories are well known in the filed of leadership. This essay will illustrate leaders who acquire these two main theories and how they used it effectively to achieveRead MoreLeadership Styles For A Leadership Essay1471 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause of the positive environment she cultivated. In researching the different leadership styles for this assignment, I believe that this is the style that she used with her staff. I was interested in learning more about transformational leadership and how I can cultivate this style in the way that I lead my current team as well as the way in which I lead future teams. Transformational leadership is a leadership style that promotes change as well as improves performance in the organization asRead MoreLeadership1292 Words   |  6 PagesPond to become a better organisation. Why is this case included in a chapter about charismatic and transformational leadership? As a leader, charisma is needed as it is a unique quality to differentiate leaders by their purposes, powers and extraordinary determination they had in them. The quality of charisma is so important as it creates desire for others to follow the leaders. Through charismatic leaderships, it enables the leaders to coordinate and cultivate the relationship with their team

Socio-Economic and Demographic Features of Kidnapping in...

SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF KIDNAPPING IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY Abstract This study analyzed and reviewed the Nigerian print media coverage of kidnapping cases between 2005 and 2011. The focus of the study was to determine socio-economic and demographic features of kidnapping in Nigeria. Content analysis was adopted for the study as well as use of frequency tables for analysis of data. Anomie theory of crime based on Robert K. Merton’s analysis of Durkheim’s theory provided our theoretical frame work in this analysis. The study argued that a plethora of factors have been implicated as the causes of kidnapping in Nigeria. This paper recommends that some drastic measures be taken to nip in the bud the menace of†¦show more content†¦Kidnapping has of recent assumed alarming dimension in the states in Niger Delta region opening up opportunities and avenues for dangerous socio-political degeneration. This has implication on the social, economic and political development for not only the Niger Delta region in particular but also for the N igerian state in general. The degree of deprivation suffered by the Niger Delta people and the complexities that characterize their problems made them adopt the various strategies at different times. By 1990s resistance groups began to emerge. They had a broad ethnic base an epitomized by the Movement for the survival of the Ogoni people ( MOSOP) and the Movement for the survival of Izon Ethnic Nationality in the Niger Delta (MOSIEND). They organized rallies, civil disobedience, boycott of state programmes, violent protests, vandalisation of oil pipelines and wells, hostage takings and sabotages. These groups later discovered kidnapping as one of the strategies in agitating for their rights. OBJECTIVES The central objective of this study is to analyze socio-economic and demographic features of kidnapping in Nigeria. Specifically, the study seeks to: 1. Examine the categories of people that carry out kidnapping. 2. Categorize the kind of the people being kidnapped. 3. Analyze the bases for causes of kidnapping in Nigeria. 4. Determine the trend of kidnapping within Nigeria. RESEARCH QUESTIONS In order to achieve theShow MoreRelatedCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesAcknowledgements Introduction Using this Manual Planning Your Approach Designing the Teaching Scheme A Guide to Using the Work Assignments A Guide to Using the Case Studies Strategy Lenses The Exploring Strategy Website A Guide to Using the Video Material Exploring Strategy Teachers’ Workshops Teaching Notes for Student Work Assignments Case Study Teaching Notes 6 7 8 8 12 19 20 25 27 27 28 28 29 Chapters 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Introducing Strategy The Environment StrategicRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagessocioeconomic circumstances and dynamics rather than standard but arbitrary chronological break points. In the decades that followed the Great War, the victorious European powers appeared to have restored, even expanded, their global political and economic preeminence only to see it eclipsed by the emergence of the Soviet and U.S. superpowers on their periphery and a second round of even more devastating global conflict. The bifurcated international system that resulted from the cold war standoff

Batman Begins Movie Review Essay Example For Students

Batman Begins Movie Review Essay Okay, so my reviews for the Dark Knight Trilogy are long overdue, so here we go. Batman Begins, otherwise known as the C. P. R of a franchise, So when i heard that the director of Memento was going to direct Batman Begins I thought hmmm, interesting, but it may be just what was required because lets face it, Batman died in the hands of Joel Schumacher (Director of Batman and Robin,Batman Forever), and now we have Batman again!! So Batman Begins is the story of Bruce Wayne, who after the death/murder of his parents transforms himself from an angry pissed off rich kid to the Batman, and I was really suprised as to how much depth they gave to the characteras in the previous movies I saw him only as a vigilante, end of story. In this movie they show that it goes deeper than that. I mean sure hes a pissed off rich kid, totally but then Liam Neeson who plays Ducard, his trainer gives him a path and trains him to be a ninja, yeah Batman is a ninja, yeah!!! nd Ducard teaches Bruce that if you are a vigilante, you can be killed or destroyed, but if youre a symbol, if youre something bigger than that, then you can become a legend, Mr Wayne. Basically, you dont die, even if you die, you dont die since as youre a symbol, that symbol can be assigned to anyone, it can live on, continue even after the original person( in this case, Bruce Wayne) dies. In the acting of this movie, everybody plays their roles perfectly, there are a lot of people to mention, so here we go : First of all, Oscar winning actor Christian Bale as Bruce Wayne/Batman, absolutely perfect, I mean, he had to play three roles in this movie, first, the billionnaire playboy who the city of Gotham thinks him to be,because lets face it, Bruce Waynes been gone for 7 years training, and suddenly when he, Gothams rich prince appears back in Gotham, this Batman guy alsy o appears I mean, he could be associated to Batman by the public, so in order to clarify all thair doubts and questions he acts like a drunken playboy, who doesnt give a damn about his city, its all about women, cars, money, so no one thinks that hes the Batman. Second, the Bruce Wayne that only Alfred and Rachel know and understand and thirdly, the Batman, thats when he unleashes all his anger, hes like the devil, he just freaks criminals out, he really plays mind games on them too, he just preys on their fear, like I said before, hes a ninja, so to the people hes like appearing from one corner and the next second from another, atleast thats what they show from the criminals point of view anyway (the scene in the docks). Secondly, Cilian Murphy plays Dr. Jonathan Crane a. k. the Scarecrow, I always thought that he was perfect casting for that role, but let me warn you, if you are a Scarecrow fan, this movie might piss you off, I thought that they used the Scarecrow in a way that was very relevant, but they dont use him THAT much, its not like its a Scarecrow show or anything like that, so if you want to see a lot of scarecrow, you might be a little irritated, infact thats like the only complaint that Ive had about this movie, that the Scare crows not used enough, nonetheless hes the perfect Jonathan Crane/Scarecrow. And then Liam Neeson as Ducard, Bruce Waynes trainer, perfect also. Liam Neesons a good actor, hes like he voice of god in Narnia and the voice of god in this movie too, as far as Im concerned. By the end of this movie though, youll be like Liam Neeson was perfect casting for this role, anyone would agree. And Michael Caine as Alfred, a comic releif in the movie. Being an old comic releif guy, thats a tough line to walk, cause if you over do it youre just boing to be an old boring guy and people will be like dude, get off the screen so that we can go back to the Batman please but Michael Caine was perfect for this role. .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 , .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .postImageUrl , .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 , .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0:hover , .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0:visited , .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0:active { border:0!important; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0:active , .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0 .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf5048be77d74998320282312668ea1a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Villainous Behavior in The Truman Show EssayI cant see another Alfred at this point, I really cant. And another old awesome guy in this movie who is also the voice of god in another movi e is Morgan Freeman as Lucius Fox. Lucius Fox is kind off like Bruce Waynes insider in Wayne Enterprises, you would think that Bruce Wayne wouldnt need an insider into Wayne Enterprises, but he does. And in the whole movie you keep on thinking, does he know Bruce Waynes Batman, does he not? ou dont really know, he never says, he never goes upto Bruce Wayne saying I know youre secret, now give me 10 million dollars, theres like this connection between them in which they both know what they do and they just keep it at that and helps him. And Gary Oldman as Jim Gordon was spot on, absolutely perfect. The guys a very diverse actor, he can nail anything, and he nails Jim Gordon. Hes like the Batmans unspoken partner in crime, at first people were saying to use Robin, but he doesnt need Robin, he has Gordon, perfect partner right there, and even rocks the mustache. So Batman Begins is an awesome movie about a guy who is stepping up to do whats right, to reinvent himself, to become more than just a man, just a vigilante, to become an incorruptible symbol of hope in his mission to bring back his city in the wreckage of its damn nation, its about stepping up and doing whats right, there is a sweet line said by Rachel in the movie What chance does Gotham have, when the ood people do nothing. This line affected Bruce Wayne the most who in turn doubles his efforts to save the city from horror struck end. Therefore, in conclusion I liked the movie, you know, its very different, it shows the origin story of about how Bruce Wayne becomes Batman. I give the movie 4. 2 stars out of 5.

Psychology Of The Internet Essays - Social Psychology, Collaboration

Psychology Of The Internet The Psychology of the Internet A Report on the Book by Patricia Wallace Summary of the Book Today, the internet is a growing community. Millions of people from all over the world go online everyday to check email, research, shop, or even just interact with someone halfway around the world. As this community grows, so does the number of interactions between people. The Psychology of the Internet examines the psychology of new behavior produced by this novel method of human communication. It also delves into the business sector of the internet and how certain companies are using this medium to increase productivity within their companies and corporations. Analysis of the Book The book provides several examples of how the internet can affect the quality of an organizations production. When used in the appropriate manner, the internet can facilitate interaction between a group 24 hours a day and is only limited by the availability of a telephone line. The idea that a person must be in work and at his desk for production is becoming more obsolete as companies realize the potential of the internet. One impressive way the internet can help companies is the workgroups that can be formed internationally. A workgroup is a group of employees striving to achieve the same objective. In the traditional sense, these groups are formed in a room with notepads for each person to help them brainstorm and meetings at regular intervals until the project is complete. The internet revolution is changing all of that. The workgroups are no longer governed by the geographical positioning of its members. I found this particularly interesting because the idea of having a supervisor in Manila, a Research and Development team in Cebu, and a sales group in the United States is becoming more of a feasible possibility than ever before. The internet can also help employees overcome inhibitions that they may not be able to in person. This is due, in part, to the amount of social cues that are lost over a computer. In a chat room, for example, the two employees might know nothing about each other, other than the information they provide about themselves. Therefore, any type of social stereotypes (i.e. sexism, racism, bigotry) is less prevalent than if perceived in the real world. If the employees have never met, social irritations may not be as readily triggered than if in person. For example, if I am irritated by a person who stutters when he speaks, the chances that he will do so over the internet are relatively low. This allows me to concentrate solely on the task at hand and not be distracted by insignificant things. The book speaks of how the internet groups, in the absence of social cues and orders, had to find a group identity online. In other words, the lack of social cues also has its drawbacks. Even if the members of the workgroups concede personal information about themselves, such as their race or ethnicity, the other members might have no physical basis for the connection. So if I wanted to bond with a co-worker who was a Filipino in California, I would more likely do it in person than online. This is due to the lack of human contact and the perception that I am merely interacting with my computer and not a real person. With this in mind, workgroups must find new bases for forming group coherence. The book speaks of the studying of several different multinational workgroups. All were given the same objectives to be completed in a given amount of time. However, only a few of the groups completed the task while only one group did it in the allotted amount of time. The study showed that the groups that failed lacked consistent interaction. After the initial meeting, the members of the group did not log on regularly to converse with the group. Emails were exchanged intermittently among these groups as well. The book states that the main reason these groups failed was that the interaction, already reduced by the lack of human interaction on the computer, was limited to almost nothing. On the other hand, the group that fared the best was noted as having the most email interaction and regular group

Cloud Computing Security Issues in Enterprise Organizations

Cloud Computing Security Issues in Enterprise Organizations Introduction Cloud computing has started to move beyond hype and into the fabric of businesses today. Small and Medium Businesses have discovered by utilizing cloud services, they can gain significant benefits including access to novel business application and state of the art infrastructure resources.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on Cloud Computing Security Issues in Enterprise Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although Enterprise Organizations are gaining valuable insight into the potential benefits of cloud, IT directors still have concerns about the security of their corporate data in the cloud. There are three major security issues inherent in cloud computing that make implementation in Enterprise Organizations a challenge. These issues are: Loss of control over data and Dependence on the Cloud Service Provider (CSP) Spying These three issues can lead to a number of legal and security concerns re lated to infrastructure, identity management, access control, risk management, regulatory and legislative compliance, auditing and logging, integrity control as well as Cloud Computing provider dependent risks (CEPIS, 2011). This paper will set out to show that while there are significant security threats that an enterprise faces when it migrates to the cloud, there are solutions that can be implemented to mitigate these threats and ensure that the enterprise is able to benefit from the numerous advantages of the cloud without exposing itself to unnecessary risks. Defining Cloud Computing The concepts behind cloud computing have been applied for over two decades (CEPIS, 2011). However, the widespread implementation of cloud computing services has only become prevalent over the last 7 years. The National Institute of Standards and Technology defines cloud computing as a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing reso urces that can be rapidly provisioned and delivered with minimal management effort or service provider interaction (Chirag et al., 2013, p.562). Cloud computing offers a number of significant benefits, therefore making it attractive to many enterprises. To begin with, cloud computing utilizes a pay-per-use model, meaning that the organization only gets to pay for the services that it uses. Chirag et al. (2012) document that cloud computing present businesses with the ability to increase their IT capabilities on demand and without having to invest much in new infrastructure or training of personnel.Advertising Looking for thesis on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The enterprise is therefore allowed to focus on its core business concerns instead of dealing with technical IT issues. According to Chirag et al. (2013), many of the organizations in the US and Europe that have migrated to the Cloud en vironment have done so in order to exploit the advantages or cost reduction. Skendrovic (2013) reaffirms this observation by noting that most enterprises acknowledge that using a cloud solution is integral to maintaining future organizational growth and productivity. Concerns In spite of the widespread enthusiasm for cloud computing, there still exists significant apprehension about migrating to the cloud. Cloud computing brings about risks that an organization would not be forced to face if its applications were run in-house. A number of significant and valid security concerns have caused this apprehension. Loss of Control over Data When an enterprise makes use of cloud services it, in essence, relegates the control of data and applications to third parties. An enterprise that migrates from the traditional in-house environment to a cloud environment immediately relinquishes its control over the networking infrastructure. The cloud service provider (CSP) is in control of infrastruct ure including servers, log files, and incident reports. The first issue that arises is that the enterprise does not have control over the physical infrastructure where its data is stored. Chirag et al. (2013) assert that a reality for organizations that choose to make use of cloud computing is that their data will be stored off-site. Since the servers, storage space, and application programs are provided by external service providers, the organization will have a loss of control over the infrastructure. Enterprises expose themselves to a higher risk of facing unauthorized access when they use a cloud system as opposed to the traditional network system. Cloud service providers store data for various organizations at the same location. This stored data (data at rest) needs to be protected from physical and electronic compromise. A non-authorized user who is able to access the shared environment has access to the private data of the organizations that use the particular cloud computing service provider. The distributed nature of cloud system resources makes it hard to ensure data security and privacy (Qaisar Khawaja, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on Cloud Computing Security Issues in Enterprise Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This risk is high since the cloud system typically has a high number of administrators and users. Malicious users can successfully attack a cloud control interface and gain control of an enterprise’s account. When this happens, the intruder will have access to the data stored in the account. Enterprises are likely to be co-tenants with attackers on the Cloud (Juels Oprea, 2013). This jeopardizes the enterprises data since the malicious co-tenant is well placed to carry out a successful attack. Since the enterprise does not own or control where the data is stored and processed, there is a threat of theft or misuse. If the cloud provider does not provide solid physical or logical security, the organizations data might be stolen. The organizations data may also be used in a way that the client has not agreed to. Cloud providers might use the data for different purposes from those originally notified to and agreed with the consumer. Pearson and Yee (2012) document that cloud service providers may gain revenue from unauthorized uses of client data such as resale of detailed sales data to competitors. Enterprises that make use of cloud services do not have control over the lifecycle of their data. Organizations that maintain data onsite have data lifecycle plans that determine how long the data will be retained and when it will be destroyed. When using a cloud service provider, the enterprise cannot be guaranteed that its request for data deletion will be honored. The organization might issue a command to delete data using its application program, but the service provider might continue to store the data without the knowledge o f the organization. Dependence on the Cloud Computing provider As previously noted, employing cloud computing services means that the enterprise will be using the computing resources of a third party; the Cloud Service Provider. This reliance on a third party to provide critical services might lead to a number of problems. To begin with, the organization is not in control of the availability of the computing services it requires. Since the services are provided through the internet, there is a possibility that temporary or permanent loss of services might be caused by Denial of Service attacks. Vulnerabilities in the network have a direct negative effect on the security of the Cloud. Chirag et al. (2013) declare that the network is the backbone of Cloud computing since it is the most crucial component of Cloud services.Advertising Looking for thesis on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Enterprises that make use of the cloud might suffer from access limitations. Since data and information flow occurs through the service provider, it is not possible to ensure that an organization can access its data at all times. The power to limit access control lies with the service provider who has overall control of the communication infrastructure. The enterprise is therefore at risk of having its data locked in by the CSP for a number of reasons including orders from the government. In addition to this, use of cloud services presents a transparency issue. Users are often abstracted from the details of how the applications run on the Cloud and in most cases, the organization is kept in the dark concerning issues such as the exact location where the data is stored and who owns it or what will be done with it. This lack of transparency means that organizations are at risk of having their data used in ways that they did not authorize. In addition to relying on the Cloud service pr ovider to make the computing resources available, enterprises have to rely on the cloud provider to provide adequate security for the data at rest. The enterprise has to depend on the CSP to notify it of any security breaches that might occur on its data or applications. Since the enterprise does not control the data, it might be unaware of any security breaches that occur. Pearson and Yee (2012) state that there are uncertainties about notification, including of any privacy breaches that occur in the cloud. The organization will find it difficult to know if any breach has occurred since the cloud service provider might be reluctant to reveal such information since it will damage the image of the provider. It is also hard to determine whose fault it is in case of a security breach since the comprehensive security logs are maintained by the cloud service provider. Spying Spying has become an issue of significant concern over the last two years. The issue of electronic surveillance ha s gained a lot of interest following the revelations that the US National Security Agency is engaged in rampant data collection. Use of CSP increases the risk that an organization might be spied on. To begin with, cloud services are provided through the internet creating an opportunity for government agencies to intercept data as it is transferred from one location to the other. Saroj (2014) suggests that this risk would not be there is an organization made use of an intranet where all the data was processed in-house. The relationship between the major technology companies that serve as CSPs and intelligence agencies increases the level of spying that enterprises face. Hamilton (2013) reveals that in the US, there is cooperation between technology companies such as Microsoft, Google, and Amazon and intelligence agencies. There have been reports of the NSA and the FBI being provided access to data from the cloud storages of these companies. When the CSP provides government agencies w ith access to its data, the organization’s information is open to illegal scrutiny by the government entities. The risk of spying increases when the data has to cross over geographical boundaries that are subject to different laws. Different countries have varying data protection laws. An organization that is storing personal data with a CSP operating in a different country might find itself subjected to different data protection laws in the host country. Saroj (2014) confirms that due to the exposure of the high level of espionage activities conducted by the NSA, most enterprises are likely to invest more to on-premise solutions for their technology needs. Solutions Coming up with solutions to the security issues inherent in cloud computing is integral to the future success of cloud computing. Undoubtedly, the pooled computing resources and multi-tenancy model utilized by cloud computing introduces new security challenges that call for novel techniques to address them. Witho ut feasible solutions to the challenges, organizations will continue to demonstrate reluctance to migrating to cloud computing. Solutions to Loss of Control Most organizations would like to ensure that they do not lose control of their data. This outcome can be achieved in a number of ways. Enterprises can enter into contracts to ensure that their data and especially intellectual property rights are protected even in the cloud (KPMG, 2013). Ownership of intellectual property should remain with the organization at all times. As such, intellectual property attached to the data or generated by applications that is hosted in the cloud should belong to the user of the cloud. The enterprise can increase control over its data by negotiating a customer-oriented contract with the CSP. Priya and Ward (2013) state that such an agreement should increase the liability of the CSP in the event of a security breach and increase the rights of the organization over its data. Ensuring that the CSP can only use the organization’s data in ways that the organization has stipulated is important. Many organizations are keen to ensure that unauthorized secondary usage or their data do not happen. Pearson and Yee (2012) warn that at the present, there are no technological barriers to such secondary uses and as such, the cloud service provider might misuse company data. However, this risk might be mitigated by developing legally binding agreements as to how data provided to the CSP can be used. Solutions to Dependence on the CSPs The problems of availability that are caused by the high dependency on the cloud computing provider can be solved in a number of ways. Enterprises can make use of multiple providers to ensure continuous availability. Most CSPs provide the data proliferation function which entails having data stored or processed at different data centers. Replicating data in multiple data centers ensures full-time availability since it is unlikely that all data centers wi ll be experiencing problems at the same time. Juels and Oprea (2013) state that distributing data across multiple cloud providers provides redundancy therefore ensuring that reliable cloud services can be obtained from unreliable components. The enterprise can increase their protection against data loss due to damage to the cloud infrastructure by maintaining backup storage. Organizations should demand that the service provider maintains an off-site data backup that can be used in case the cloud infrastructure collapses. The provide should also have a standby disaster recovery and continuity plan that will ensure that the clients are able to resume normal functioning in the shortest period of time after a catastrophic failure (Zissis Lekkas, 2010). Chirag et al. (2013) confirm that it is hard to prevent all the attacks to the Cloud network due to the distributed nature of the cloud. However, implementing security solutions such as firewalls, anti-malware and strong encryption techn ology will mitigate these threats. In addition to protecting the data from online attacks, it is important to ensure that physical security of the cloud computing infrastructure. This security can be assured by ensuring that the servers are located in a secure location where there is constant surveillance. Nkhoma and Dang (2013) notes that most CSPs make use of the best security technologies such as biometric screening to ensure that only authorized staff have physical access to the company’s servers. Saroj (2014) confirms that majority of the cloud data centers offer great security than on-site data centers. The safety of organizational data is therefore better secured in the cloud that it would be if the company stored the data on its own premises. The higher than average security is possible since most cloud providers have the resources and expertise to implement the best security technologies available in the market. Solution to Spying The ability of spying agencies to ac cess organizational data can be inhibited by encrypting data before transmission. Researchers agree that the greatest risk for data being transmitted to or from the cloud is poor encryption technology. Hamilton (2013) observes that organizations such as the NSA find it easy to spy on organizations since they access the data in raw text or they are provided with keys that make it possible to successfully decrypt data. Organizations should ensure that their data is always encrypted before it is transmitted over the network. Using strong encryption standards during data transmission will increase the user confidence that the data is not prone to attacks from opportunistic hackers or government intelligence agencies. In addition to this, the enterprise should demand for its data to be stored in encrypted form in the CSPs storage facilities. This would ensure that even if spying takes place, it would require significant effort to decrypt the data. The threat of spying is exacerbated if t he CSP allows government agencies free access to its databases. Cloud service providers should be able to tell their clients if the data in the cloud is being accessed by any government agency. This transparency will enable the enterprise to make an informed decision on whether to store their data on the cloud. Addressing the spying problem is critical for enterprises to have confidence in cloud solutions. Most US cloud service providers are aware of the negative effect that the NSA spying could have on this industry. In recognition of the damage that spying might have on the cloud business, many companies are enforcing security measures intended to ensure that governments are not able to illegally spy on users. Google enforces mandatory encrypting of all the data stored on its cloud on behalf of the clients. Organizations that make use of the Google cloud are allowed to manage their own encryption keys, therefore increasing the level of security. Conclusion This paper set out to di scuss the issues that an enterprise might face when it makes use of cloud computing providers as well as the solutions to these problems. It began by highlighting the increasing interest that organizations have shown to cloud computing due to the benefits that this technology offers. It then highlighted some of the major issues inherent in cloud computing. The paper has demonstrated that security remains to be the primary factor preventing most organizations from migrating to the cloud. From the facts presented in this paper, it is clear that these fears are valid since the cloud infrastructure has some major vulnerability that could lead to problems for the enterprise. It should be noted that most of the threats inherent in cloud computing are not unique to the cloud environment. Problems such as data loss, unauthorized data access and spying can occur even when the data is maintained by the organization on-site. The problems inherent in Cloud Computing can be mitigated by implemen ting the solutions proposed in this paper. References Chirag, M., Dhiren, P., Borisaniya, B., Avi, P., Rajarajan, M. (2013). A survey on security issues and solutions at different layers of Cloud computing. Journal of Supercomputing, 63(2), 561-592. Council of European Professional Informatics Societies (CEPIS) (2011). Cloud Computing Security and Privacy Issues. Retrieved from: cepis.org/media/CEPIS_Cloud_Computing_Security_v17.11.pdf. Hamilton, D. (October 11, 2013). Leaked Documents Implicate Microsoft in Giving Government Agencies Access to Cloud, Email, VoIP Data. Web Host Industry Review (WHIR). Retrieved from: thewhir.com/web-hosting-news/leaked-documents-implicate-microsoft-in-giving-government-agencies-access-to-cloud-email-voip-data. Juels, A., Oprea, A. (2013). New Approaches to Security and Availability for Cloud Data. Communications of the ACM, 56(2), 64-73. KPMG (2013). The cloud takes shape. Retrieved from: https://www.kpmg.com/Global/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPu blications/cloud-service-providers-survey/Documents/the-cloud-takes-shapev2.pdf. Nkhoma, M.Z. Dang, D.P. (2013). Contributing Factors of Cloud Computing Adoption: a Technology-Organisation-Environment Framework Approach. Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Management Evaluation, 2(1), 180-188. Pearson, S., Yee, G. (2012). Privacy and Security for Cloud Computing Computer Communications and Networks ITPro collection. NY: Springer. Priya, D., Ward, C. (2013). Cyber-Security Threats and Privacy Controls for Cloud Computing, Emphasizing Software as a Service. The Computer Internet Lawyer, 30(3), 20-24. Qaisar, S., Khawaja, F. (2012). Cloud Computing: Network/Security Threats and Countermeasures. IJCRB, 3(9), 1323-1329. Saroj, K. (January 8, 2014). NSA Spying Will Hurt Cloud Computing Software Spending in 2014. Cloud Times Retrieved from: http://cloudtimes.org/2014/01/08/nsa-spying-will-hurt-cloud-computing-software-spending-in-2014/. Skendrovic, D. (2013). Growin g pains in the cloud. NTT Communications Retrieved from: eu.ntt.com/fileadmin/NTT-Europe/media/PDF/Research_Reports/NTT_Research_Report_Growing_Pains_In_The_Cloud_FINAL.pdf. Zissis, D., Lekkas, D. (2010). Addressing cloud computing security issues. Future Generation Computer Systems, 28(3), 583–592.

Business Ethics and Social Responsibilities Essay

Business Ethics and Social Responsibilities - Essay Example The decision making process for incorporating ethics then becomes one of the most important values that are associated with businesses and the changes which occur in terms of defining and keeping specific ethical values. Decision Making Processes Traditionally, business ethics have been defined by the basic values that any corporation decides to reflect to the public and to implement within the organizational environment. However, the term is one which is now beginning to expand based on dimensional changes which are occurring within the corporation and in the environment. The decision making process to implement or change ethics is one which is now defined by the institution of business ethics and the changes which are required for businesses. Pressure from management and the association with the internal environment is one of the ways in which the process has changed. The influence of stakeholders, environmental concerns, social issues and political expectations have continued to i nfluence the process more with the recent trends in decision making processes. Ethical considerations not only relate to the basic foundations of a business but now also link to the internal and external pressures that are developing new standards for corporations (Ferrell, Fraedrich, 2009). The decision making process for ethics not only incorporates the various influences but also becomes based on the strategic implementation of plans, as opposed to the value and ethics which are primary for most in the business. The concept is one which leads to initiatives such as looking at the moral and value considerations and how this will affect the investments and finances. Stakeholder investments as well as the positive and negative influences are some of the areas that become primary considerations for ethical implementation. In a recent study (Hofmann, Hoelzl, Kirchler, 2007), it was noted that the moral considerations had a direct impact on the revenue which was created within the comp any. Moral behavior, such as the treatment of employees, had a direct correlation with the overall profitability as well as the expected dividends per share. Controlling profit, specifically when noted from this study, then directly correlates with the planning and implementation of moral treatment and ethical considerations and reflects with the stakeholder value and overall profits which are developed from a corporation (Hofmann, Hoelzl, Kirchler,2007). Processes for the Internal Environment The importance of strategically implementing the morals and values within a corporation lead to changes which occur with the internal and external environment. The effects which are created strategically are able to provide not only overall profit but also change the cultural effects within the organization. The process of ethical and moral considerations then becomes strategic for the overall quality and functions of an organization. More than having a foundation for the ethics of a business is the need to incorporate this in terms of the environment and how this will affect the different functions which one has. The process for the internal environment first begins with the decision making of having specific ethics that allow the managers and employees to follow specific rules. This is followed by reflections of the corporation that are associated with corporate responsibility which is continuously taken and a part of

Buy American Act for Government contracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Buy American Act for Government contracts - Essay Example Particular materials under regulations include â€Å"iron, steel, and manufactured goods† (Zirkelbach, 2009, p. 7). The regulations only allows for use of non domestic materials if either the materials are not â€Å"produced in America† in the required quantity or quality, application of domestic materials will be up to at least twenty five percent more expensive and if application of domestic products will contravene public interest. Any waiver on the mentioned grounds must however be reported in writing. BAA regulations however exempt some countries, countries with trade ties to the United States. These countries enjoy the benefits as though their products were manufactured in the United States. The Buy America act rules have further put more restriction over allowance on construction materials that are products of ‘non-domestic’ raw materials. The raw materials, under BAA, must be at least fifty percent domestic (Zirkelbach, 2009). The provisions of Buy American Requirements are unfair to other countries whose materials are restricted from being used in constructing the United States’ public facilities. The act discriminates against these countries and their enterprises. The regulations specifically undermines developing countries, and their enterprises, that might not be in a position to produce the materials in large quantities, as large as could not be produced by the United States domestic market (Lipsey and Chrystal, 2007). A free market economy is identified by influence of buyers and sellers only, as opposed to government imposed regulatory measures for controlling the economy. Application of the Buy American requirements act, together with its aim of facilitating the ARRA’s goals of strengthening the United States’ economy therefore contradicts the the spirit of capitalism. Policies for a capitalistic economy would for example be aimed at liberating regulations that limits

Ancient India Essay Example for Free

Ancient India Essay The era that brought India into the map of cultural prominence was during the rule of the Gupta Dynasty. The 4th and 5th century C. E. is considered as the Golden Age of India. The attainment of this Golden Age was made possible by the rule and influence of the Gupta Dynasty, which fostered the development of both the cultural and the political might of India during its time. The Gupta Rulers Chandragupta I, son of Ghatotkacha, was the fist imperial ruler of the empire situated in the north of the then India in the Vindhya Range. By marrying the princess of Licchavis, he formed alliance with the clan and begun power expansion. One of the important administrative systems that he established during his reign was the assembly of councilors that nominated his successor. The largest territorial expansion of the empire was undertaken during the reign of Samudragupta, son of Chandragupta I. His campaign established the largest political unit in South Asia at that time (Heitzman, 2007). He is considered as one of the greatest military geniuses in the history of India. One of his notable contributions was the establishment of coins made of pure gold. More than an exemplary military leader, he was also a patron of the arts as he was a celebrated poet and musician. He made coinage as the expertise of his time. Chandragupta II further expanded the empire through war conquests. His power was extended from coast-to-coast; and his reign became the economical high point of the empire through the establishment of trading capitals. During the reign of Kumaragupta I, the Pushyamitras tribe became powerful and had post threat to the empire. His successor, Skandagupta, considered the last of the great Gupta rulers, defeated the tribe but the territory was later on invaded by the White Huns. This defeat signaled the start of the decline of the empire. The Impact of the Empire The Gupta Dynasty is highly regarded for their contributions to the arts and culture of South Asia. Though the rulers cultural role was limited, their coinage expresses their being patrons of the arts (Heitzman, 2007). According to Hooker (1996), the eras cultural creativity is exemplified in magnificent architecture, sculpture and paintings. The paintings found in the Ajanta Cave are considered to be the most powerful works of the Indian art. Literature also flourished during that time of Indian history. The Gupta Empire had produced one of the greatest writers of poetry, Kalidasa. He is known for his lyric poetry and dramas, not only in India but also in Asian and even Western circles. It is also observed that the trading ports of the empire made the Indian culture dominant in the region. The period of the Gupta Dynasty was the period of â€Å"Greater India† (Hooker, 1996). Their cultural influences were extended through Burma, Cambodia and Sri Lanka. Another cultural legacy of the dynasty is the coinage system and effective administrative system. Their government was governed with only one taxation system centralized to the empire capital in Pataliputra. The kings remained to be the vassal kings where the entire kingdom was consolidated into single administrative unit (Hooker, 1996). The era of the Gupta Dynasty has not only uplifted the country politically but culturally as well. It has spilled over its influence in the South Asian region through wide range of trading products and services. Though it was later on buried in the pages of Indian history, its legacy to the Indian nation continue to this age. Its cultural heritage truly makes India one of the richest cultures in the world. References: Hooker, Richard (1996). The Age of the Guptas and After. Ancient India. Retrieved September 17, 2007 from http://www. wsu. edu/~dee/ANCINDIA/GUPTA. HTM Heitzman, James (2007). Gupta Dynasty. Microsoft ® Encarta ® Online Encyclopedia 2007. Retrieved September 17, 2007 from http://encarta. msn. com.

Date Rape :: essays research papers

Date Rape When people think of rape, they might think of a stranger jumping out of a shadowy place and sexually attacking someone. But in fact there different forms of sexual assault. Acquaintance Rape also known as date rape, is one of the most common among female adolescents and college students. About 60% of all reported rapes are committed by someone the victim knew. Rape is a crime of violence, and you can be arrested, prosecuted and properly punished by the law. There are ways to try to prevent date rape. The most common way to get into trouble is the idea of â€Å"you say no but you mean yes.† Since women are most often the victim of date rape, they must be firm in their response against sexual advances. If a person feels they don’t want to do something, be firm with the rejection. Being embarrassed, or coy will not send a clear signal and will lead to trouble. A possible disadvantage is that, some may take this the wrong way, perhaps of being accused of something they had no intentions of, but it’s better to be safe than sorry. Another form of prevention is a specific plan. Know what’s on the itinerary, where one will be going, what kind of place it is, and inform others of possible whereabouts. This way a female for example does not find themselves in a situation that could be potentially harmful. The advantage to this is that if the date has any ideas about using date rape as a romance technique, he will see awareness and intelligence and perhaps think twice about the crime about to be committed. A disadvantage, as in any other situation, sometimes a woman with enough self esteem to protect herself, is intimidating to some men. One may find it harder to achieve a second date. The third and final way to prevent date rape is to get and pay for your own drink. Loud music and poorly lighting can definitely affect our senses, specially when it is so easy to stick a tablet into a drink that dissolves within seconds. If a female pays for her own drink and it stays with her at all times, there will be no worry of drug use for the purpose of rape. Although it is very tempting to let a handsome stranger buy drinks, it is a big risk to take, when you don’t know who that person is. Date Rape :: essays research papers Date Rape When people think of rape, they might think of a stranger jumping out of a shadowy place and sexually attacking someone. But in fact there different forms of sexual assault. Acquaintance Rape also known as date rape, is one of the most common among female adolescents and college students. About 60% of all reported rapes are committed by someone the victim knew. Rape is a crime of violence, and you can be arrested, prosecuted and properly punished by the law. There are ways to try to prevent date rape. The most common way to get into trouble is the idea of â€Å"you say no but you mean yes.† Since women are most often the victim of date rape, they must be firm in their response against sexual advances. If a person feels they don’t want to do something, be firm with the rejection. Being embarrassed, or coy will not send a clear signal and will lead to trouble. A possible disadvantage is that, some may take this the wrong way, perhaps of being accused of something they had no intentions of, but it’s better to be safe than sorry. Another form of prevention is a specific plan. Know what’s on the itinerary, where one will be going, what kind of place it is, and inform others of possible whereabouts. This way a female for example does not find themselves in a situation that could be potentially harmful. The advantage to this is that if the date has any ideas about using date rape as a romance technique, he will see awareness and intelligence and perhaps think twice about the crime about to be committed. A disadvantage, as in any other situation, sometimes a woman with enough self esteem to protect herself, is intimidating to some men. One may find it harder to achieve a second date. The third and final way to prevent date rape is to get and pay for your own drink. Loud music and poorly lighting can definitely affect our senses, specially when it is so easy to stick a tablet into a drink that dissolves within seconds. If a female pays for her own drink and it stays with her at all times, there will be no worry of drug use for the purpose of rape. Although it is very tempting to let a handsome stranger buy drinks, it is a big risk to take, when you don’t know who that person is.

Literary of Dead Poets Society

Bill Beattie once said, â€Å"The aim of education should be to teach us how to think rather than what to think – rather to improve our minds, so as to enable us to think for ourselves, than to load the memory with thoughts of other men.† All too often, however, individual thoughts are crushed by the powerful weight of conformity. In the film Dead Poets Society, conformity exercises it†s influence and the results prove disastrous for some. For others, the effect of conformity compels them towards individual strength and the discovery of one†s true self. Modern education is one of the largest â€Å"offenders† when it comes to conformity, and that point is illustrated repeatedly in the film Dead Poets Society. At Wellton, students of all walks of life are expected to learn the same lessons the same ways. They are expected to memorize the important facts and regurgitate the same facts during exams. Latin class involves recitation, while chemistry involves memorization, and as long as the students can deliver what they have been told, they are successful in life. The new English teacher, Mr. Keating, challenges his students to think for themselves and to resist conformity. He most memorably illustrates how easily conformity affects people during his lesson involving a stroll in the courtyard. He instructs three of his pupils to walk around the courtyard. The three boys march in unison, and the remainder of the pupils begin to clap in time with the marching. He asks why the boys are clapping, and they do not know. Perhaps they were clapping because everyone else was clapping, or perhaps they were just having a good time. However, it cannot be disputed that the group conformed without thinking. All too often, the words of the textbook are considered undisputed fact. All chemistry textbooks will list the elements with the same symbols and all Latin textbooks will list approximately the same translations. The poetry textbook, written by a Dr. Pritchett, attempts to lump words that are meant to touch the heart into the same factual categories of math and the sciences. Can Dr. Pritchett†s method of analyzing poetry by graphing its importance and perfection be used to measure what one feels? More importantly, is Dr. Pritchett†s method the only method that one must use when measuring the greatness of poetry and can poetry be looked at using only the mind and not the heart? Mr. Keating did not feel that poetry was meant to be analyzed using measurable techniques but rather through the feelings of one†s heart. He summed up his feelings on Dr. Pritchett†s method of measuring the greatness of poetry in one word, â€Å"Excrement.† He took his class on a journey of self-discovery, a journey where they learned that there is not always a right answer or a wrong one. In order to find one†s true self, one must learn to resist conformity and walk one†s own way, as was illustrated in the lesson out in the courtyard. He taught them that just one perspective is not necessarily the only way of viewing a situation as was revealed in the lesson where he stood on his desk. At Wellton Academy, individuality is strongly discouraged, and the fight for individuality often results in dire consequences. Mr. Keating became a mentor, as well as a teacher for his students, and he helped them discover the strength necessary to be one†s true self. Individuality, unfortunately, does not come without a price. Often the price is fear, especially fear of what others will think, but the cost is often much higher. Neil Perry, one of Mr. Keating†s students, paid with his life. He committed suicide when his father insisted he conform, and go on to Harvard to become a doctor. Charlie Dalton was expelled from Wellton for his unwillingness to conform. Todd Anderson found the courage to stand up for himself and realized he had value in the world. It is not just to say that education is only about textbooks and memorization. The memorization of the Periodic Table of Elements in Chemistry has very little impact on a large part of life; such as that of personal relationships, friendships, love, loyalty and trust. All the characters in the film are human, and therefore have the same physical components in their bodies, but their feelings and point of view are unique unto themselves. The true danger of education is the attempt to call for all people to see the world in the same way.

Rhetorical Analysis Essay - 848 Words

January 13th 2012 AP English Rhetorical Analysis Essay #3 Final Draft Every individual has traditions passed down from their ancestors. This is important because it influences how families share their historical background to preserve certain values to teach succeeding generation. N. Scott Momaday has Native American roots inspiring him to write about his indigenous history and Maxine Hong Kingston, a first-generation Chinese American who was inspired by the struggles of her emigrant family. Kingston and Momaday manipulate language by using, metaphors, similes, and a unique style of writing to reflect on oral traditions. The purpose of Kingston’s passage is to reflect upon her ancestor’s mistake to establish her values as an American†¦show more content†¦Finally, the files of people who walked in a zigzag direction across their land, represents how they ruined and destroyed their crops and livestock during the raid. This quotation represents how Kingston used the occasion of when they disturbed her ancestor’s home to kill her aunt as an example of one of her aunt’s mistake. She uses this mistake as a reminder of the establishment of her good morals in America. Despite that both passages use the same rhetorical devices, they establish their purposes using a different style of writing and a different tone. Momaday’s tone was convivial while Kingston’s tone was more stern yet entertaining. Momaday’s style of writing was archival because he spoke often of his grandmother while Kingston style of writing was collective because she spoke of her Chinese village to explain how everyone conformed in the same way. The author’s different styles of writing attract different audiences. Momaday uses a historical approach to storytelling while Kingston uses a personal and social approach. Both authors engage their readers by using metaphors, similes, and an individual style of writing. Yet they use these rhetorical devices to make different points and to draw different conclusions from the past. Ultimately, these rhetorical devices convey the oral traditions in each passage that provide the history of different culturalShow Mor eRelatedRhetorical Analysis Essay1401 Words   |  6 PagesDevi Thapa LLD 100A October 22, 2017 Rhetorical Analysis of Social and Personality Development in Childhood article http://nobaproject.com/modules/social-and-personality-development-in-childhood Introduction Rhetorical analysis is important because it breaks down the writing into parts and then explains how different each parts work together effectively in relation to the topic, audience and purpose. In this rhetorical analysis assignment, I analyzed Ross Thompson’s 2017 article, â€Å"SocialRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Essay896 Words   |  4 PagesChris Porter ENG 105-14 January 29, 2012 Rhetorical Analysis Spandex is No Good! 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